Birth of the Empires

There really isn't a detailed breakout of the economy as a main screen.

You have in the upper left vague details on treasury, upkeep, costs, and profit vs loss. Then within the Empire and System screen, you have a generalized food created and storage and building queue. This makes it difficult to estimate whether your economy can afford to build and maintain infrastructure versus ship and troop costs.

And then as a manager you have to expect potential famines and worker loss or power interuptions versus a war time economy or blockades. Thus you need wiggle room in your treasury surplus versus cashflow.

This creates historical AI flaws as the AI tends to spend every cent and then go broke when ideally you maintain a surplus in case war is declared by the enemy or whether you elect to declare war with a surplus treasury.

Note that neither the Empire and Military and Ship report... ...nor the Empire and Military and Troop report...
...show the upkeep costs. Yet that is what military accountants (like quartermasters) rip their hair out about as well as inquiring generals and admirals have to know.

Neither directly generates profit, but in an imperial empire like the Klingons, conquest is truly profitable, whereas the Federation it causes intratrade within the systems and intertrade without from other empires...facts ignored by leftists who think the military is wasteful spending and for naught. They could not be more WRONG.

At a glance the treasury is showing a positive increase each turn, and each city while having upkeep costs is making a profit which cumulatively are causing that positive increase.

Whereas historically all governments resort to deficit spending so always unable to generate a profit...but a loss that worsens over time. Then taxes at various levels help some as do municipal bond sales and federal government securities. They are never adequate.

The corporations make profits which result in wages of the citizenry to own property and the semblance of normality. The corporations routine pay taxes as well.

It's a farce.

In terms of BotE, the player would notice the profit would begin to decline, first in systems/sectors, and then generate losses that subtract from the treasury as likely they rushed infrastructure too quickly, or generated too many military units versus the limits of a single M class planet and the limits of terraforming for that system/sector.

A military commander than deploys troops and ships to fronts to conquer new systems/sectors, but they may be maxed out too. Yet ultimately troops and ships are lost, thus have less upkeep costs and ultimately less are required as fewer enemies exist. The threats decline and profits increase as there is less catastrophic financial risk.